1. **State the problem:** We are given the circle equation $$x^2 + y^2 + 6x - 2y - 26 = 0$$ and the line equation $$y = kx - 5$$. We need to find the values of $$k$$ for which the line intersects the circle at two distinct points.
2. **Rewrite the circle equation in standard form:**
Group $$x$$ and $$y$$ terms:
$$x^2 + 6x + y^2 - 2y = 26$$
Complete the square for $$x$$ and $$y$$:
$$x^2 + 6x = (x + 3)^2 - 9$$
$$y^2 - 2y = (y - 1)^2 - 1$$
Substitute back:
$$(x + 3)^2 - 9 + (y - 1)^2 - 1 = 26$$
Simplify:
$$(x + 3)^2 + (y - 1)^2 = 26 + 9 + 1 = 36$$
So the circle has center $$(-3,1)$$ and radius $$6$$.
3. **Substitute the line equation into the circle equation:**
Replace $$y$$ with $$kx - 5$$:
$$(x + 3)^2 + ((kx - 5) - 1)^2 = 36$$
Simplify inside the second square:
$$(x + 3)^2 + (kx - 6)^2 = 36$$
Expand:
$$(x + 3)^2 = x^2 + 6x + 9$$
$$(kx - 6)^2 = k^2 x^2 - 12kx + 36$$
Sum:
$$x^2 + 6x + 9 + k^2 x^2 - 12kx + 36 = 36$$
Simplify:
$$(1 + k^2) x^2 + (6 - 12k) x + 9 + 36 - 36 = 0$$
$$(1 + k^2) x^2 + (6 - 12k) x + 9 = 0$$
4. **Analyze the quadratic in $$x$$:**
For the line to intersect the circle at two distinct points, the quadratic must have two distinct real roots.
The discriminant $$\Delta$$ must be positive:
$$\Delta = b^2 - 4ac > 0$$
Here, $$a = 1 + k^2$$, $$b = 6 - 12k$$, $$c = 9$$.
Calculate $$\Delta$$:
$$\Delta = (6 - 12k)^2 - 4(1 + k^2)(9)$$
$$= 36 - 144k + 144k^2 - 36 - 36k^2$$
$$= 108k^2 - 144k$$
5. **Solve the inequality:**
$$108k^2 - 144k > 0$$
Divide both sides by 12:
$$9k^2 - 12k > 0$$
Factor:
$$3k(3k - 4) > 0$$
6. **Determine intervals for $$k$$:**
The product $$3k(3k - 4) > 0$$ means both factors are positive or both are negative.
- Case 1: $$3k > 0$$ and $$3k - 4 > 0$$
$$\Rightarrow k > 0$$ and $$k > \frac{4}{3}$$
So $$k > \frac{4}{3}$$.
- Case 2: $$3k < 0$$ and $$3k - 4 < 0$$
$$\Rightarrow k < 0$$ and $$k < \frac{4}{3}$$ (always true if $$k < 0$$)
So $$k < 0$$.
7. **Final answer:**
The line intersects the circle at two distinct points if
$$k < 0 \quad \text{or} \quad k > \frac{4}{3}$$.
Circle Line Intersection 2Eafd3
Step-by-step solutions with LaTeX - clean, fast, and student-friendly.