1. **State the problem:** We need to find the complex number $z = a + bi$ such that $$z^2 = -77 + 36i,$$ where $i = \sqrt{-1}$ and $a,b$ are real numbers.
2. **Use the formula:** If $z = a + bi$, then $$z^2 = (a + bi)^2 = a^2 + 2abi + (bi)^2 = a^2 - b^2 + 2abi.$$ Here, we used $i^2 = -1$.
3. **Equate real and imaginary parts:** From $$z^2 = a^2 - b^2 + 2abi = -77 + 36i,$$ we get two equations:
$$a^2 - b^2 = -77$$
$$2ab = 36$$
4. **Solve for $b$ in terms of $a$:** From $2ab = 36$,
$$b = \frac{36}{2a} = \frac{18}{a}.$$
5. **Substitute $b$ into the first equation:**
$$a^2 - \left(\frac{18}{a}\right)^2 = -77$$
$$a^2 - \frac{324}{a^2} = -77$$
6. **Multiply both sides by $a^2$ to clear denominator:**
$$a^2 \times a^2 - a^2 \times \frac{324}{a^2} = -77 a^2$$
$$a^4 - 324 = -77 a^2$$
7. **Rearrange to form a quadratic in $a^2$:**
$$a^4 + 77 a^2 - 324 = 0$$
Let $x = a^2$, then
$$x^2 + 77x - 324 = 0$$
8. **Solve quadratic equation:**
$$x = \frac{-77 \pm \sqrt{77^2 - 4 \times 1 \times (-324)}}{2} = \frac{-77 \pm \sqrt{5929 + 1296}}{2} = \frac{-77 \pm \sqrt{7225}}{2}$$
$$\sqrt{7225} = 85,$$
so
$$x = \frac{-77 \pm 85}{2}.$$
Two solutions:
$$x_1 = \frac{-77 + 85}{2} = \frac{8}{2} = 4,$$
$$x_2 = \frac{-77 - 85}{2} = \frac{-162}{2} = -81$$ (discard since $a^2$ cannot be negative).
9. **Find $a$:**
$$a = \pm \sqrt{4} = \pm 2.$$
10. **Find $b$ using $b = \frac{18}{a}$:**
If $a = 2$, then
$$b = \frac{18}{2} = 9.$$
If $a = -2$, then
$$b = \frac{18}{-2} = -9.$$
11. **Write solutions:**
$$z = 2 + 9i \quad \text{or} \quad z = -2 - 9i.$$
**Final answer:** $z = 2 + 9i$ or $z = -2 - 9i$.
This corresponds to option C.
Complex Square F58B00
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