1. **Problem statement:** Find the condition for which the line $y=mx+c$ touches the ellipse $$\frac{x^2}{25} + \frac{y^2}{16} = 1.$$ Then find the equation of the tangents with slope $m = -\frac{3}{5}$.
2. **Condition for tangency:** Substitute $y=mx+c$ into the ellipse equation:
$$\frac{x^2}{25} + \frac{(mx+c)^2}{16} = 1.$$
Multiply both sides by 400 (LCM of 25 and 16) to clear denominators:
$$16x^2 + 25(m^2x^2 + 2mcx + c^2) = 400.$$
Expand:
$$16x^2 + 25m^2x^2 + 50mcx + 25c^2 = 400.$$
Group terms:
$$ (16 + 25m^2)x^2 + 50mcx + (25c^2 - 400) = 0.$$
3. **Tangency means the quadratic in $x$ has exactly one solution, so its discriminant $D=0$:
$$D = (50mc)^2 - 4(16 + 25m^2)(25c^2 - 400) = 0.$$
Calculate discriminant:
$$2500 m^2 c^2 - 4(16 + 25m^2)(25c^2 - 400) = 0.$$
Expand:
$$2500 m^2 c^2 - 4(16 + 25m^2)25 c^2 + 4(16 + 25m^2)400 = 0.$$
$$2500 m^2 c^2 - 100 (16 + 25m^2) c^2 + 1600 (16 + 25m^2) = 0.$$
Group $c^2$ terms:
$$c^2 (2500 m^2 - 100 (16 + 25m^2)) + 1600 (16 + 25m^2) = 0.$$
Simplify inside parentheses:
$$2500 m^2 - 1600 - 2500 m^2 = -1600.$$
So:
$$-1600 c^2 + 1600 (16 + 25m^2) = 0.$$
Divide both sides by 1600:
$$-c^2 + 16 + 25 m^2 = 0.$$
Rearranged:
$$c^2 = 16 + 25 m^2.$$
4. **Equation of tangent lines with slope $m = -\frac{3}{5}$:**
Calculate $c$:
$$c^2 = 16 + 25 \left(-\frac{3}{5}\right)^2 = 16 + 25 \times \frac{9}{25} = 16 + 9 = 25.$$
So:
$$c = \pm 5.$$
5. **Final tangent equations:**
$$y = -\frac{3}{5} x + 5$$
and
$$y = -\frac{3}{5} x - 5.$$
Ellipse Tangent 25297A
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