1. **State the problem:** Evaluate the expression $4 + 5^3 - 3^2 + 8(27 \div 9)^2$. 2. **Recall order of operations:** Use PEMDAS (Parentheses, Exponents, Multiplication and Division from left to right, Addition and Subtraction from left to right). 3. **Calculate exponents:** - $5^3 = 125$ - $3^2 = 9$ 4. **Calculate inside the parentheses:** - $27 \div 9 = 3$ 5. **Square the result inside parentheses:** - $(27 \div 9)^2 = 3^2 = 9$ 6. **Multiply:** - $8 \times 9 = 72$ 7. **Substitute all values back into the expression:** - $4 + 125 - 9 + 72$ 8. **Perform addition and subtraction from left to right:** - $4 + 125 = 129$ - $129 - 9 = 120$ - $120 + 72 = 192$ **Final answer:** $$192$$