1. Problem: Find the answers to the given arithmetic expressions involving integers. 2. Formula and rules: - Addition and subtraction of integers: combine numbers considering their signs. - Multiplication and division of integers: multiply/divide absolute values and apply sign rules (same signs give positive, different signs give negative). 3. Step-by-step solutions: (40) $40 - 9 + (-1)$ = $40 - 9 - 1$ = $31 - 1$ = $30$ (41) $8 + (-2)$ = $8 - 2$ = $6$ (42) $10 - (+3)$ = $10 - 3$ = $7$ (43) $15 - (-2)$ = $15 + 2$ = $17$ (44) $-6 - (-5)$ = $-6 + 5$ = $-1$ (45) $-10 + 4$ = $-6$ (46) $-20 - (+12)$ = $-20 - 12$ = $-32$ (47) $8 - (-12) + 9$ = $8 + 12 + 9$ = $20 + 9$ = $29$ (48) $-10 + (-2) - (-1)$ = $-10 - 2 + 1$ = $-12 + 1$ = $-11$ (49) $(-9)(-3)$ = $27$ (50) $(-2)(4)$ = $-8$ (51) $-80 / -4$ = $\cancel{-80} / \cancel{-4} = 20$ (52) $44 - 11$ = $33$ (53) $(-1)(-8)$ = $8$ (54) $65 \div (-5)$ = $-13$ (55) $11/9$ = $\frac{11}{9}$ (already simplified) Final answers: (40) 30 (41) 6 (42) 7 (43) 17 (44) -1 (45) -6 (46) -32 (47) 29 (48) -11 (49) 27 (50) -8 (51) 20 (52) 33 (53) 8 (54) -13 (55) \frac{11}{9}