Subjects algebra

Log Rational Function Fe2D05

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1. **Problem statement:** Given the function $f(x) = \frac{\ln(2x - 3)}{3x + 4}$, find its domain, zeros, sign, parity, symmetry, asymptotes, extrema, inflection points, and sketch the graph. 2. **Domain:** The function is defined where the argument of the logarithm is positive and the denominator is not zero. - For the logarithm: $2x - 3 > 0 \Rightarrow x > \frac{3}{2}$. - For the denominator: $3x + 4 \neq 0 \Rightarrow x \neq -\frac{4}{3}$. Since $x > \frac{3}{2} > -\frac{4}{3}$, the domain is: $$\boxed{\left(\frac{3}{2}, \infty\right)}$$ 3. **Zeros of the function:** Solve $f(x) = 0$: $$\frac{\ln(2x - 3)}{3x + 4} = 0 \Rightarrow \ln(2x - 3) = 0$$ Since denominator $\neq 0$ in domain, focus on numerator: $$\ln(2x - 3) = 0 \Rightarrow 2x - 3 = 1 \Rightarrow 2x = 4 \Rightarrow x = 2$$ Check if $x=2$ is in domain: yes, since $2 > \frac{3}{2}$. So zero is at: $$\boxed{x = 2}$$ 4. **Sign of the function:** - Numerator $\ln(2x - 3)$ is positive if $2x - 3 > 1 \Rightarrow x > 2$. - Numerator is zero at $x=2$. - Numerator is negative for $\frac{3}{2} < x < 2$. - Denominator $3x + 4$ is positive for $x > -\frac{4}{3}$, so in domain $x > \frac{3}{2}$ denominator is positive. Therefore: - For $\frac{3}{2} < x < 2$, numerator negative, denominator positive $\Rightarrow f(x) < 0$. - For $x > 2$, numerator positive, denominator positive $\Rightarrow f(x) > 0$. 5. **Parity and symmetry:** - The function is not even or odd because the domain is not symmetric about zero and the function involves logarithm and rational expressions. 6. **Asymptotes:** - Vertical asymptotes occur where denominator is zero or logarithm argument approaches zero from right. - Denominator zero at $x = -\frac{4}{3}$, but this is outside domain. - Logarithm argument zero at $x = \frac{3}{2}$, which is the left endpoint of domain, so vertical asymptote at: $$x = \frac{3}{2}$$ - Horizontal asymptote: Evaluate limit as $x \to \infty$: $$\lim_{x \to \infty} f(x) = \lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{\ln(2x - 3)}{3x + 4}$$ Since numerator grows logarithmically and denominator linearly, limit is 0: $$\boxed{y = 0}$$ 7. **Extrema:** Find $f'(x)$ and solve $f'(x) = 0$. Using quotient rule: $$f(x) = \frac{u}{v}, \quad u = \ln(2x - 3), \quad v = 3x + 4$$ $$u' = \frac{2}{2x - 3}, \quad v' = 3$$ $$f'(x) = \frac{u'v - uv'}{v^2} = \frac{\frac{2}{2x - 3}(3x + 4) - \ln(2x - 3) \cdot 3}{(3x + 4)^2}$$ Set numerator zero: $$\frac{2}{2x - 3}(3x + 4) - 3 \ln(2x - 3) = 0$$ Multiply both sides by $2x - 3$: $$2(3x + 4) - 3(2x - 3) \ln(2x - 3) = 0$$ Simplify: $$6x + 8 = 3(2x - 3) \ln(2x - 3)$$ This transcendental equation can be solved numerically. 8. **Inflection points:** Find $f''(x)$ and solve $f''(x) = 0$ similarly (complex, numerical methods needed). 9. **Graph:** - Domain: $(\frac{3}{2}, \infty)$ - Vertical asymptote at $x=\frac{3}{2}$ - Horizontal asymptote at $y=0$ - Zero at $x=2$ - Function negative on $(\frac{3}{2}, 2)$ and positive on $(2, \infty)$ This completes the analysis.