1. **State the problem:** Solve the equation $$\log_3(x + 2) + \log_3(x - 1) = 2$$ for $x$.
2. **Recall the logarithm property:** The sum of logarithms with the same base can be combined as the logarithm of the product:
$$\log_b A + \log_b B = \log_b (A \times B)$$
3. **Apply the property:**
$$\log_3(x + 2) + \log_3(x - 1) = \log_3\big((x + 2)(x - 1)\big)$$
So the equation becomes:
$$\log_3\big((x + 2)(x - 1)\big) = 2$$
4. **Rewrite the logarithmic equation in exponential form:**
$$\log_3 y = 2 \implies y = 3^2 = 9$$
Therefore:
$$(x + 2)(x - 1) = 9$$
5. **Expand the left side:**
$$x^2 - x + 2x - 2 = 9$$
$$x^2 + x - 2 = 9$$
6. **Bring all terms to one side:**
$$x^2 + x - 2 - 9 = 0$$
$$x^2 + x - 11 = 0$$
7. **Solve the quadratic equation using the quadratic formula:**
$$x = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}$$
where $a=1$, $b=1$, and $c=-11$.
Calculate the discriminant:
$$\Delta = 1^2 - 4 \times 1 \times (-11) = 1 + 44 = 45$$
So:
$$x = \frac{-1 \pm \sqrt{45}}{2} = \frac{-1 \pm 3\sqrt{5}}{2}$$
8. **Check domain restrictions:**
Since the logarithms require their arguments to be positive:
$$x + 2 > 0 \implies x > -2$$
$$x - 1 > 0 \implies x > 1$$
The stricter condition is $x > 1$.
9. **Evaluate the solutions:**
$$x_1 = \frac{-1 + 3\sqrt{5}}{2} \approx \frac{-1 + 6.708}{2} = \frac{5.708}{2} = 2.854 > 1$$ (valid)
$$x_2 = \frac{-1 - 3\sqrt{5}}{2} \approx \frac{-1 - 6.708}{2} = \frac{-7.708}{2} = -3.854 < 1$$ (not valid)
10. **Final answer:**
$$\boxed{x = \frac{-1 + 3\sqrt{5}}{2}}$$
Logarithmic Equation C9D473
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