1. **Evaluate the logarithms:**
(1) Find $\log_{81} \frac{1}{3}$.
Recall that $\log_a b = c$ means $a^c = b$.
Since $81 = 3^4$, rewrite the base:
$$\log_{3^4} 3^{-1} = x \implies (3^4)^x = 3^{-1}$$
Simplify the left side:
$$3^{4x} = 3^{-1}$$
Equate exponents:
$$4x = -1 \implies x = -\frac{1}{4}$$
So, $\log_{81} \frac{1}{3} = -\frac{1}{4}$.
(2) Find $\log_{125} 5$.
Rewrite $125 = 5^3$:
$$\log_{5^3} 5 = y \implies (5^3)^y = 5$$
Simplify:
$$5^{3y} = 5^1$$
Equate exponents:
$$3y = 1 \implies y = \frac{1}{3}$$
So, $\log_{125} 5 = \frac{1}{3}$.
(3) Find $\log_{13} \frac{1}{13}$.
Rewrite $\frac{1}{13} = 13^{-1}$:
$$\log_{13} 13^{-1} = z \implies 13^z = 13^{-1}$$
Equate exponents:
$$z = -1$$
So, $\log_{13} \frac{1}{13} = -1$.
2. **Condense the expressions and find their values:**
(4) Simplify $6 \log 2 + 2 \log 12 - 3 \log 4$.
Use the power rule: $a \log b = \log b^a$:
$$6 \log 2 = \log 2^6$$
$$2 \log 12 = \log 12^2$$
$$3 \log 4 = \log 4^3$$
Rewrite expression:
$$\log 2^6 + \log 12^2 - \log 4^3$$
Use product and quotient rules:
$$\log \left( \frac{2^6 \times 12^2}{4^3} \right)$$
Calculate powers:
$$2^6 = 64, \quad 12^2 = 144, \quad 4^3 = 64$$
Substitute:
$$\log \left( \frac{64 \times 144}{64} \right) = \log 144$$
Since $\log 144$ is base 10, approximate or leave as is.
(5) Simplify $2(\log_3 10 - \log_3 5) + \frac{1}{2} \log_3 36$.
Use difference rule:
$$\log_3 10 - \log_3 5 = \log_3 \frac{10}{5} = \log_3 2$$
Multiply by 2:
$$2 \log_3 2 = \log_3 2^2 = \log_3 4$$
Simplify $\frac{1}{2} \log_3 36$:
$$\frac{1}{2} \log_3 36 = \log_3 36^{1/2} = \log_3 6$$
Sum:
$$\log_3 4 + \log_3 6 = \log_3 (4 \times 6) = \log_3 24$$
(6) Simplify $\frac{1}{2} \log_7 25 + \frac{1}{4} \log_7 16$.
Apply power rule:
$$\frac{1}{2} \log_7 25 = \log_7 25^{1/2} = \log_7 5$$
$$\frac{1}{4} \log_7 16 = \log_7 16^{1/4} = \log_7 2$$
Sum:
$$\log_7 5 + \log_7 2 = \log_7 (5 \times 2) = \log_7 10$$
**Final answers:**
(1) $-\frac{1}{4}$
(2) $\frac{1}{3}$
(3) $-1$
(4) $\log 144$
(5) $\log_3 24$
(6) $\log_7 10$
Logarithmic Evaluation Cf50D5
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