1. **Problem 1: Calculate the total cost of a meal including tax** The meal costs $45 and the tax rate is 8%. We want to find the total cost including tax. 2. **Formula:** Total cost = Original cost \times (1 + Tax rate) This formula adds the original price plus the tax percentage of the price. 3. **Calculation:** $$\text{Total cost} = 45 \times (1 + 0.08)$$ $$= 45 \times 1.08$$ 4. **Multiply:** $$= 48.6$$ So, the total cost including tax is $48.6. --- 5. **Problem 2: Calculate the selling price of a shirt after markup** The store buys a shirt for $15 and marks it up by 30%. We want to find the selling price. 6. **Formula:** Selling price = Cost price \times (1 + Markup rate) This formula adds the markup percentage to the original cost. 7. **Calculation:** $$\text{Selling price} = 15 \times (1 + 0.3)$$ $$= 15 \times 1.3$$ 8. **Multiply:** $$= 19.5$$ So, the selling price of the shirt is $19.5. --- **Final answers:** - Total cost of meal including tax: $48.6 - Selling price of shirt after markup: $19.5 Both answers are correct based on the calculations shown.