1. **Problem Statement:**
We want to prove that every amount of postage of at least 12 cents can be formed using only 4-cent and 5-cent stamps.
2. **Base Cases:**
Check the amounts 12, 13, 14, and 15 cents:
- 12 = 3 \times 4
- 13 = 2 \times 4 + 1 \times 5
- 14 = 1 \times 4 + 2 \times 5
- 15 = 3 \times 5
All these can be formed using 4-cent and 5-cent stamps.
3. **Inductive Hypothesis:**
Assume that for some integer $k \geq 15$, every amount of postage from 12 up to $k$ cents can be formed using 4-cent and 5-cent stamps.
4. **Inductive Step:**
We need to prove that postage of $k+1$ cents can also be formed.
Since $k+1 - 4 = k - 3$ and $k - 3 \geq 12$ (because $k \geq 15$), by the inductive hypothesis, postage of $k - 3$ cents can be formed.
Adding one more 4-cent stamp to that amount gives $k+1$ cents.
5. **Conclusion:**
By mathematical induction, every amount of postage of at least 12 cents can be formed using 4-cent and 5-cent stamps.
Postage Induction
Step-by-step solutions with LaTeX - clean, fast, and student-friendly.