1. The problem involves multiple scenarios related to cost price, selling price, profit, and loss percentages. 2. Key formulas: - Profit or Loss = Selling Price - Cost Price - Profit or Loss Percentage = \frac{Profit or Loss}{Cost Price} \times 100 - Selling Price = Cost Price + Profit - Selling Price = Cost Price - Loss 3. For the pen problem: "10 pens cost the same as 14 pens cost price" means the selling price of 10 pens equals the cost price of 14 pens. 4. For the chair problem: "18 chairs selling price equals 16 chairs selling price" means the selling price of 18 chairs equals the cost price of 16 chairs. 5. For the orange problem: "15 oranges cost the same as 16 oranges cost price" means selling price of 15 oranges equals cost price of 16 oranges. 6. Loss of 28% means selling price is 72% of cost price. 7. Rs 1680 and Rs 53910 are likely final amounts related to these problems. Let's solve the pen problem as an example: Step 1: Let cost price of one pen be $C$. Step 2: Selling price of 10 pens = Cost price of 14 pens $$10 \times SP = 14 \times C$$ Step 3: Selling price per pen $SP = \frac{14}{10} C = 1.4 C$ Step 4: Profit per pen = $SP - C = 1.4C - C = 0.4C$ Step 5: Profit percentage = $\frac{0.4C}{C} \times 100 = 40\%$ So, the seller makes a 40% profit on pens. Similarly, for chairs: Step 1: Let cost price of one chair be $C$. Step 2: Selling price of 18 chairs = Cost price of 16 chairs $$18 \times SP = 16 \times C$$ Step 3: Selling price per chair $SP = \frac{16}{18} C = \frac{8}{9} C \approx 0.8889 C$ Step 4: Loss per chair = $C - SP = C - 0.8889 C = 0.1111 C$ Step 5: Loss percentage = $\frac{0.1111 C}{C} \times 100 = 11.11\%$ For oranges: Step 1: Let cost price of one orange be $C$. Step 2: Selling price of 15 oranges = Cost price of 16 oranges $$15 \times SP = 16 \times C$$ Step 3: Selling price per orange $SP = \frac{16}{15} C = 1.0667 C$ Step 4: Profit per orange = $SP - C = 1.0667 C - C = 0.0667 C$ Step 5: Profit percentage = $\frac{0.0667 C}{C} \times 100 = 6.67\%$ Loss of 28% means: Selling price = $72\%$ of cost price If cost price is Rs 1600, selling price = $1600 \times 0.72 = 1152$ Given Rs 1680 and Rs 53910, these could be cost or selling prices in other contexts. Summary: - Pen profit = 40% - Chair loss = 11.11% - Orange profit = 6.67% - Loss of 28% means selling price is 72% of cost price