1. **State the problem:** We are given the first five terms of a quadratic sequence: 1, 6, 13, 22, 33. We need to find an expression for the nth term of the sequence.
2. **Recall the formula for the nth term of a quadratic sequence:** The nth term of a quadratic sequence can be written as
$$a_n = An^2 + Bn + C$$
where $A$, $B$, and $C$ are constants to be determined.
3. **Find the first differences:** Calculate the differences between consecutive terms:
$$6 - 1 = 5$$
$$13 - 6 = 7$$
$$22 - 13 = 9$$
$$33 - 22 = 11$$
4. **Find the second differences:** Calculate the differences between the first differences:
$$7 - 5 = 2$$
$$9 - 7 = 2$$
$$11 - 9 = 2$$
Since the second differences are constant and equal to 2, this confirms the sequence is quadratic.
5. **Use the second difference to find $A$:** The second difference equals $2A$, so
$$2A = 2 \implies A = 1$$
6. **Set up equations using the first three terms:**
For $n=1$:
$$A(1)^2 + B(1) + C = 1 \implies 1 + B + C = 1$$
For $n=2$:
$$A(2)^2 + B(2) + C = 6 \implies 4 + 2B + C = 6$$
For $n=3$:
$$A(3)^2 + B(3) + C = 13 \implies 9 + 3B + C = 13$$
7. **Simplify the equations:**
From $n=1$:
$$1 + B + C = 1 \implies B + C = 0$$
From $n=2$:
$$4 + 2B + C = 6 \implies 2B + C = 2$$
From $n=3$:
$$9 + 3B + C = 13 \implies 3B + C = 4$$
8. **Solve the system:**
From $B + C = 0$, we get $C = -B$.
Substitute into $2B + C = 2$:
$$2B - B = 2 \implies B = 2$$
Then,
$$C = -B = -2$$
9. **Write the nth term formula:**
$$a_n = n^2 + 2n - 2$$
**Final answer:** The nth term of the sequence is
$$\boxed{a_n = n^2 + 2n - 2}$$
Quadratic Sequence 247C10
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