Subjects algebra

Rational Zeros 0Bb286

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1. **Problem Statement:** Find all possible rational zeros of the polynomial \(x^3 - 5x + 4\) using the Rational Root Theorem and then find the actual rational zeros. 2. **Rational Root Theorem:** Possible rational zeros are of the form \(\pm \frac{p}{q}\), where \(p\) divides the constant term and \(q\) divides the leading coefficient. 3. For \(x^3 - 5x + 4\), the constant term is 4 and the leading coefficient is 1. 4. Possible values of \(p\) (factors of 4): \(\pm 1, \pm 2, \pm 4\). 5. Possible values of \(q\) (factors of 1): \(\pm 1\). 6. Therefore, possible rational zeros are \(\pm 1, \pm 2, \pm 4\). 7. **Test each candidate by substitution:** - For \(x=1\): \(1^3 - 5(1) + 4 = 1 - 5 + 4 = 0\) so \(x=1\) is a zero. - For \(x=-1\): \((-1)^3 - 5(-1) + 4 = -1 + 5 + 4 = 8 \neq 0\). - For \(x=2\): \(2^3 - 5(2) + 4 = 8 - 10 + 4 = 2 \neq 0\). - For \(x=-2\): \((-2)^3 - 5(-2) + 4 = -8 + 10 + 4 = 6 \neq 0\). - For \(x=4\): \(4^3 - 5(4) + 4 = 64 - 20 + 4 = 48 \neq 0\). - For \(x=-4\): \((-4)^3 - 5(-4) + 4 = -64 + 20 + 4 = -40 \neq 0\). 8. Since \(x=1\) is a root, divide the polynomial by \(x-1\) using synthetic division: $$\begin{array}{r|rrrr} 1 & 1 & 0 & -5 & 4 \\ & & 1 & 1 & -4 \\ \hline & 1 & 1 & -4 & 0 \end{array}$$ 9. The quotient is \(x^2 + x - 4\). 10. Solve \(x^2 + x - 4 = 0\) using the quadratic formula: $$x = \frac{-1 \pm \sqrt{1^2 - 4(1)(-4)}}{2(1)} = \frac{-1 \pm \sqrt{1 + 16}}{2} = \frac{-1 \pm \sqrt{17}}{2}$$ 11. These roots are irrational, so the only rational zero is \(x=1\). **Final answer:** Possible rational zeros: \(\pm 1, \pm 2, \pm 4\). Actual rational zero: \(x=1\).