1. **Problem statement:** We have a sequence defined by the recurrence relation
$$u_0 = 11$$
$$u_{n+1} = \sqrt{u_n - 2} + 2, \quad n \in \mathbb{N}$$
We want to analyze the behavior of this sequence and find its limit.
2. **Function definition:** The function associated with the recurrence is
$$f(x) = \sqrt{x - 2} + 2, \quad x \in [2, +\infty[\,.$$
3. **Goal:** Show that the sequence $(u_n)$ converges and find its limit.
4. **Step 1: Fixed point analysis**
We look for a fixed point $L$ such that
$$L = \sqrt{L - 2} + 2.$$
5. **Step 2: Solve for $L$**
Subtract 2 from both sides:
$$L - 2 = \sqrt{L - 2}.$$
Let $y = L - 2$, then
$$y = \sqrt{y}.$$
Square both sides:
$$y^2 = y.$$
6. **Step 3: Solve quadratic equation**
$$y^2 - y = 0$$
$$y(y - 1) = 0.$$
So,
$$y = 0 \quad \text{or} \quad y = 1.$$
7. **Step 4: Find corresponding $L$ values**
Since $y = L - 2$, then
$$L = 2 + y.$$
So,
$$L = 2 + 0 = 2 \quad \text{or} \quad L = 2 + 1 = 3.$$
8. **Step 5: Check stability and initial value**
Given $u_0 = 11$, which is greater than 3, and the recurrence relation, the sequence tends to approach the stable fixed point. The problem states and proves that
$$\lim_{n \to +\infty} u_n = 3.$$
9. **Step 6: Inequalities and convergence**
The problem provides the inequality
$$0 \leq u_n - 3 \leq 8 \left( \frac{1}{2} \right)^n,$$
which shows that the difference between $u_n$ and 3 decreases exponentially, confirming convergence to 3.
**Final answer:**
$$\boxed{\lim_{n \to +\infty} u_n = 3}.$$
Sequence Limit Dd1408
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