1. Let's start by understanding fractions. A fraction represents a part of a whole and is written as $\frac{a}{b}$ where $a$ is the numerator (top number) and $b$ is the denominator (bottom number). 2. When adding or subtracting fractions, the denominators must be the same. If they are not, find the least common denominator (LCD). 3. For example, to add $\frac{1}{4} + \frac{1}{6}$, find the LCD of 4 and 6, which is 12. 4. Convert each fraction to have denominator 12: $$\frac{1}{4} = \frac{1 \times 3}{4 \times 3} = \frac{3}{12}$$ $$\frac{1}{6} = \frac{1 \times 2}{6 \times 2} = \frac{2}{12}$$ 5. Now add the numerators: $$\frac{3}{12} + \frac{2}{12} = \frac{3+2}{12} = \frac{5}{12}$$ 6. The answer is $\frac{5}{12}$. 7. When multiplying fractions, multiply the numerators and denominators directly: $$\frac{a}{b} \times \frac{c}{d} = \frac{a \times c}{b \times d}$$ 8. For example, $\frac{2}{3} \times \frac{4}{5} = \frac{2 \times 4}{3 \times 5} = \frac{8}{15}$. 9. When dividing fractions, multiply by the reciprocal: $$\frac{a}{b} \div \frac{c}{d} = \frac{a}{b} \times \frac{d}{c} = \frac{a \times d}{b \times c}$$ 10. For example, $\frac{3}{4} \div \frac{2}{5} = \frac{3}{4} \times \frac{5}{2} = \frac{15}{8}$. This is a simple guide to fractions for grade 6 learners.