1. **State the problem:** Simplify the expression $$\frac{x}{x^2-1} - \frac{x-3}{x-1}$$.
2. **Recall the formula and rules:** The denominator $x^2-1$ can be factored using the difference of squares formula: $$x^2-1 = (x-1)(x+1)$$.
3. **Rewrite the expression with factored denominators:**
$$\frac{x}{(x-1)(x+1)} - \frac{x-3}{x-1}$$
4. **Find a common denominator:** The common denominator is $(x-1)(x+1)$.
5. **Rewrite the second fraction to have the common denominator:**
$$\frac{x-3}{x-1} = \frac{(x-3)(x+1)}{(x-1)(x+1)}$$
6. **Combine the fractions:**
$$\frac{x}{(x-1)(x+1)} - \frac{(x-3)(x+1)}{(x-1)(x+1)} = \frac{x - (x-3)(x+1)}{(x-1)(x+1)}$$
7. **Expand the numerator:**
$$(x-3)(x+1) = x^2 + x - 3x - 3 = x^2 - 2x - 3$$
8. **Substitute back and simplify numerator:**
$$x - (x^2 - 2x - 3) = x - x^2 + 2x + 3 = -x^2 + 3x + 3$$
9. **Rewrite the expression:**
$$\frac{-x^2 + 3x + 3}{(x-1)(x+1)}$$
10. **Factor the numerator if possible:**
Try factoring $-x^2 + 3x + 3$:
$$-x^2 + 3x + 3 = -(x^2 - 3x - 3)$$
The quadratic $x^2 - 3x - 3$ does not factor nicely with integers, so leave as is.
11. **Final simplified expression:**
$$\boxed{\frac{-(x^2 - 3x - 3)}{(x-1)(x+1)}}$$
or equivalently
$$\boxed{\frac{-x^2 + 3x + 3}{(x-1)(x+1)}}$$
This is the simplified form of the original expression.
**Note:** The domain excludes $x=1$ and $x=-1$ because they make the denominator zero.
Simplify Fraction C62189
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