1. **State the problem:** Joseph used $1 \frac{3}{8}$ cans of paint and Juntia used $2 \frac{1}{2}$ cans. We need to estimate and calculate the total cans used. 2. **Estimate the total:** - Round $1 \frac{3}{8} \approx 1$ (since $3/8$ is less than half) - Round $2 \frac{1}{2} \approx 3$ (since $1/2$ rounds up) - Estimated total $= 1 + 3 = 4$ cans 3. **Calculate the exact total:** - Convert mixed numbers to improper fractions: $$1 \frac{3}{8} = \frac{8 \times 1 + 3}{8} = \frac{11}{8}$$ $$2 \frac{1}{2} = \frac{2 \times 2 + 1}{2} = \frac{5}{2}$$ 4. **Add the fractions:** - Find common denominator: $8$ and $2$, common denominator is $8$ - Convert $\frac{5}{2}$ to $\frac{20}{8}$ - Sum: $$\frac{11}{8} + \frac{20}{8} = \frac{11 + 20}{8} = \frac{31}{8}$$ 5. **Convert back to mixed number:** - Divide $31$ by $8$: $$31 \div 8 = 3 \text{ remainder } 7$$ - So, $$\frac{31}{8} = 3 \frac{7}{8}$$ 6. **Answer:** - Total cans used exactly: $3 \frac{7}{8}$ cans - Estimated total cans used: $4$ cans 7. **Diagram description:** - Imagine two bars representing paint cans. - First bar segmented into $1$ whole can plus $3/8$ of a can. - Second bar segmented into $2$ whole cans plus $1/2$ can. - Adding these segments visually shows the total $3 \frac{7}{8}$ cans. This visual helps understand how fractional parts add up to whole cans.