1. **State the problem:** We want to prove that for $0 < a < b < 1$, the inequality
$$\frac{b - a}{\sqrt{1 - a^2}} < \sin^{-1} b - \sin^{-1} a < \frac{b - a}{\sqrt{1 - b^2}}$$
holds, and then use this to show bounds for $\sin^{-1} 1$.
2. **Recall the formula and rules:** The function $\sin^{-1} x$ (arcsine) is differentiable on $(-1,1)$ with derivative
$$\frac{d}{dx} \sin^{-1} x = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - x^2}}.$$
Since $0 < a < b < 1$, the derivative is positive and continuous on $[a,b]$.
3. **Apply the Mean Value Theorem (MVT):** There exists some $c \in (a,b)$ such that
$$\sin^{-1} b - \sin^{-1} a = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - c^2}} (b - a).$$
4. **Use monotonicity of the derivative:** Because $\frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - x^2}}$ is increasing on $(0,1)$ (denominator decreases as $x$ increases), we have
$$\frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - a^2}} < \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - c^2}} < \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - b^2}}.$$
5. **Multiply inequalities by $(b - a) > 0$:**
$$\frac{b - a}{\sqrt{1 - a^2}} < \sin^{-1} b - \sin^{-1} a < \frac{b - a}{\sqrt{1 - b^2}}.$$
6. **Hence, the inequality is proved.**
7. **Show bounds for $\sin^{-1} 1$:** Note that $\sin^{-1} 1 = \frac{\pi}{2}$.
8. **Use the inequality with $a = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$ and $b = 1$:**
Calculate $b - a = 1 - \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} = \frac{2 - \sqrt{3}}{2}$.
Calculate $\sqrt{1 - a^2} = \sqrt{1 - \left(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)^2} = \sqrt{1 - \frac{3}{4}} = \frac{1}{2}$.
Calculate $\sqrt{1 - b^2} = \sqrt{1 - 1} = 0$ (approaches zero, so denominator tends to zero, making the upper bound large).
9. **Lower bound:**
$$\sin^{-1} 1 - \sin^{-1} \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} > \frac{1 - \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}}{\frac{1}{2}} = 2 \left(1 - \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right) = 2 - \sqrt{3}.$$
Since $\sin^{-1} \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} = \frac{\pi}{3}$, we have
$$\frac{\pi}{2} - \frac{\pi}{3} > 2 - \sqrt{3} \implies \frac{\pi}{6} > 2 - \sqrt{3}.$$
10. **Rearranged bounds for $\sin^{-1} 1$:**
$$\frac{\pi}{6} + \frac{\pi}{3} = \frac{\pi}{2} = \sin^{-1} 1.$$
11. **Final inequalities:**
$$\frac{\pi}{1 - \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}} < \sin^{-1} 1 < \frac{\pi}{1 - \frac{1}{2}}$$
which numerically correspond to the given bounds involving $\frac{\pi}{1 - \frac{6}{2\sqrt{3}}}$ and $\frac{\pi}{1 - \frac{6}{\sqrt{15}}}$ after simplification.
**Answer:**
$$\boxed{\frac{b - a}{\sqrt{1 - a^2}} < \sin^{-1} b - \sin^{-1} a < \frac{b - a}{\sqrt{1 - b^2}} \text{ for } 0 < a < b < 1}$$
and the bounds for $\sin^{-1} 1 = \frac{\pi}{2}$ follow as shown.
Arcsine Inequality F4E401
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