Subjects calculus

Limit Rational 09B5F9

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1. We are asked to find the limit \( \lim_{x \to 1} \frac{x^3 - 2x + 1}{2x^3 + 3x - 5} \). 2. First, substitute \( x = 1 \) directly to check if the expression is defined: $$\frac{1^3 - 2(1) + 1}{2(1)^3 + 3(1) - 5} = \frac{1 - 2 + 1}{2 + 3 - 5} = \frac{0}{0}$$ This is an indeterminate form, so we need to simplify. 3. Factor numerator and denominator: Numerator: \( x^3 - 2x + 1 \). Try to factor by grouping or find roots. Check if \( x=1 \) is a root: $$1^3 - 2(1) + 1 = 0$$ So \( x-1 \) is a factor. Use polynomial division or synthetic division: Divide \( x^3 - 2x + 1 \) by \( x-1 \): \( x^3 - 2x + 1 = (x-1)(x^2 + x - 1) \). 4. Factor denominator \( 2x^3 + 3x - 5 \) similarly. Check if \( x=1 \) is a root: $$2(1)^3 + 3(1) - 5 = 2 + 3 - 5 = 0$$ So \( x-1 \) is a factor. Divide \( 2x^3 + 3x - 5 \) by \( x-1 \): Using synthetic division: Coefficients: 2, 0, 3, -5 Bring down 2, multiply by 1: 2, add to 0: 2 Multiply by 1: 2, add to 3: 5 Multiply by 1: 5, add to -5: 0 So quotient is \( 2x^2 + 2x + 5 \). 5. Rewrite the limit: $$\lim_{x \to 1} \frac{(x-1)(x^2 + x - 1)}{(x-1)(2x^2 + 2x + 5)}$$ 6. Cancel common factor \( x-1 \): $$\lim_{x \to 1} \frac{\cancel{(x-1)}(x^2 + x - 1)}{\cancel{(x-1)}(2x^2 + 2x + 5)} = \lim_{x \to 1} \frac{x^2 + x - 1}{2x^2 + 2x + 5}$$ 7. Substitute \( x = 1 \): Numerator: \(1^2 + 1 - 1 = 1 + 1 - 1 = 1\) Denominator: \(2(1)^2 + 2(1) + 5 = 2 + 2 + 5 = 9\) 8. Final answer: $$\boxed{\frac{1}{9}}$$