1. **State the problem:** Solve the differential equation $$x^2 y'' - 3x y' + 3y = 0$$ using the Cauchy-Euler method.
2. **Recall the Cauchy-Euler form:** The equation is of the form $$x^2 y'' + a x y' + b y = 0$$ where $$a = -3$$ and $$b = 3$$.
3. **Assume a solution:** Try $$y = x^m$$ where $$m$$ is a constant to be determined.
4. **Compute derivatives:**
$$y' = m x^{m-1}$$
$$y'' = m (m-1) x^{m-2}$$
5. **Substitute into the equation:**
$$x^2 (m (m-1) x^{m-2}) - 3x (m x^{m-1}) + 3 x^m = 0$$
Simplify powers of $$x$$:
$$m (m-1) x^m - 3 m x^m + 3 x^m = 0$$
6. **Factor out $$x^m$$ (which is nonzero for $$x \neq 0$$):**
$$x^m [m (m-1) - 3 m + 3] = 0$$
7. **Form the characteristic equation:**
$$m (m-1) - 3 m + 3 = 0$$
Simplify:
$$m^2 - m - 3 m + 3 = 0$$
$$m^2 - 4 m + 3 = 0$$
8. **Solve the quadratic:**
$$m = \frac{4 \pm \sqrt{16 - 12}}{2} = \frac{4 \pm 2}{2}$$
So,
$$m_1 = \frac{4 + 2}{2} = 3$$
$$m_2 = \frac{4 - 2}{2} = 1$$
9. **Write the general solution:**
$$y = C_1 x^{3} + C_2 x^{1} = C_1 x^{3} + C_2 x$$
where $$C_1$$ and $$C_2$$ are arbitrary constants.
**Final answer:** $$y = C_1 x^{3} + C_2 x$$
Cauchy Euler 94Aef5
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