1. **Problem Statement:** Calculate NGDP, RGDP, percentage changes, GDP deflator, and inflation rate using the given quantities and prices for commodities Teff, Sorghum, and Wheat in 2010 and 2018. 2. **Formulas and Rules:** - Nominal GDP (NGDP) = \sum (Quantity in year \times Price in same year) - Real GDP (RGDP) = \sum (Quantity in year \times Price in base year) - Percentage change = \frac{New - Old}{Old} \times 100 - GDP Deflator = \frac{NGDP}{RGDP} \times 100 - Inflation Rate = Percentage change in GDP Deflator 3. **Calculate NGDP:** - NGDP 2010 = (10,000 \times 10) + (30,000 \times 8) + (15,000 \times 6) = 100,000 + 240,000 + 90,000 = 430,000 - NGDP 2018 = (18,000 \times 15) + (25,000 \times 12) + (17,000 \times 4) = 270,000 + 300,000 + 68,000 = 638,000 4. **Calculate Percentage Change in NGDP:** - \frac{638,000 - 430,000}{430,000} \times 100 = \frac{208,000}{430,000} \times 100 \approx 48.37\% increase 5. **Calculate RGDP (using 2010 prices as base):** - RGDP 2010 = NGDP 2010 = 430,000 (since base year) - RGDP 2018 = (18,000 \times 10) + (25,000 \times 8) + (17,000 \times 6) = 180,000 + 200,000 + 102,000 = 482,000 6. **Calculate Percentage Change in RGDP:** - \frac{482,000 - 430,000}{430,000} \times 100 = \frac{52,000}{430,000} \times 100 \approx 12.09\% increase 7. **Calculate GDP Deflator:** - 2010: \frac{430,000}{430,000} \times 100 = 100 - 2018: \frac{638,000}{482,000} \times 100 \approx 132.36 8. **Calculate Inflation Rate (change in GDP Deflator):** - \frac{132.36 - 100}{100} \times 100 = 32.36\% inflation **Final answers:** - NGDP 2010 = 430,000 - NGDP 2018 = 638,000 - NGDP % change = 48.37% - RGDP 2010 = 430,000 - RGDP 2018 = 482,000 - RGDP % change = 12.09% - GDP Deflator 2010 = 100 - GDP Deflator 2018 = 132.36 - Inflation Rate 2018 = 32.36%