1. The problem is to understand the Superposition Theorem in electrical circuits. 2. The Superposition Theorem states that in a linear circuit with multiple independent sources, the voltage or current for any element is the algebraic sum of the voltages or currents caused by each independent source acting alone, while all other independent sources are replaced by their internal impedances (voltage sources replaced by short circuits and current sources by open circuits). 3. Important rules: - Consider one independent source at a time. - Replace other independent voltage sources with short circuits. - Replace other independent current sources with open circuits. - Calculate the contribution of the active source to the voltage or current. - Sum all contributions algebraically to find the total voltage or current. 4. Example: Suppose a circuit has two voltage sources $V_1$ and $V_2$ and resistors. To find the current through a resistor: - Calculate current $I_1$ with $V_1$ active and $V_2$ replaced by a short circuit. - Calculate current $I_2$ with $V_2$ active and $V_1$ replaced by a short circuit. - Total current $I = I_1 + I_2$. 5. This method simplifies analysis of complex circuits by breaking them into simpler parts. Final answer: The Superposition Theorem allows calculation of voltages and currents in linear circuits by summing effects of individual sources acting alone.