وَأَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ لِدُلُوكِ الشَّمْسِ إِلَىٰ غَسَقِ اللَّيْلِ وَقُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ ۖ إِنَّ قُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ كَانَ مَشْهُودًا
Surah Al-Isra, 17:78: "Establish prayer at the decline of the sun [from its meridian] until the darkness of the night and [also] the Qur'an of dawn. Indeed, the recitation of dawn is ever witnessed."
Simple Meaning: Allah commands us to pray at specific times, showing the importance of prayer as a pillar of Islam.
According to the Hanafi madhhab, the fard (obligatory) parts of prayer are the actions that if missed, invalidate the prayer. These include:
1. Intention (niyyah) for the prayer.
2. Takbir al-Ihram (saying "Allahu Akbar" to start the prayer).
3. Qiyam (standing) during recitation.
4. Recitation of Al-Fatiha in each rak’ah.
5. Ruku’ (bowing) with tasbih.
6. Standing up from ruku’.
7. Two prostrations (sujood) in each rak’ah.
8. Sitting between the two prostrations.
9. The final sitting (tashahhud) in the last rak’ah.
10. Saying the salam (ending the prayer).
These are essential; missing any of them invalidates the prayer and it must be repeated.
Hadith Evidence:
Simple Meaning: Allah commands us to pray at specific times, showing the importance of prayer as a pillar of Islam.
According to the Hanafi madhhab, the fard (obligatory) parts of prayer are the actions that if missed, invalidate the prayer. These include:
1. Intention (niyyah) for the prayer.
2. Takbir al-Ihram (saying "Allahu Akbar" to start the prayer).
3. Qiyam (standing) during recitation.
4. Recitation of Al-Fatiha in each rak’ah.
5. Ruku’ (bowing) with tasbih.
6. Standing up from ruku’.
7. Two prostrations (sujood) in each rak’ah.
8. Sitting between the two prostrations.
9. The final sitting (tashahhud) in the last rak’ah.
10. Saying the salam (ending the prayer).
These are essential; missing any of them invalidates the prayer and it must be repeated.
Hadith Evidence:
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِذَا قَامَ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ قَرَأَ بِالْفَاتِحَةِ
Narrated Abdullah ibn Umar: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ when he stood to pray, he would recite Al-Fatiha. (Sahih al-Bukhari 756)
Simple Explanation: The Prophet ﷺ taught us to recite Al-Fatiha in every unit (rak’ah) of prayer, showing its importance as a fard act.
Scholars’ Explanation:
Imam Abu Hanifah and his students explained that fard acts are those that the Prophet ﷺ consistently performed and emphasized, and if omitted, nullify the prayer.
Summary:
The fard acts in prayer according to Hanafi madhhab are the essential pillars that must be done correctly. If any are missed, the prayer is invalid.
Practical takeaway:
When you pray, try to remember these important parts so your prayer is accepted. If you miss something fard, repeat the prayer.
Allah knows best.
Simple Explanation: The Prophet ﷺ taught us to recite Al-Fatiha in every unit (rak’ah) of prayer, showing its importance as a fard act.
Scholars’ Explanation:
Imam Abu Hanifah and his students explained that fard acts are those that the Prophet ﷺ consistently performed and emphasized, and if omitted, nullify the prayer.
Summary:
The fard acts in prayer according to Hanafi madhhab are the essential pillars that must be done correctly. If any are missed, the prayer is invalid.
Practical takeaway:
When you pray, try to remember these important parts so your prayer is accepted. If you miss something fard, repeat the prayer.
Allah knows best.