1. **Problem statement:** A circle passes through the points $(2, 3)$ and $(-1, 6)$, and its centre lies on the line $2x + 5y = -1$. We need to find:
(i) the coordinates of the centre of the circle,
(ii) the radius of the circle,
(iii) the equation of the circle.
2. **Formula and approach:**
The general equation of a circle with centre $(h, k)$ and radius $r$ is:
$$ (x - h)^2 + (y - k)^2 = r^2 $$
Since the circle passes through points $(2, 3)$ and $(-1, 6)$, these points satisfy the equation:
$$ (2 - h)^2 + (3 - k)^2 = r^2 $$
$$ (-1 - h)^2 + (6 - k)^2 = r^2 $$
Also, the centre $(h, k)$ lies on the line:
$$ 2h + 5k = -1 $$
3. **Step 1: Equate the distances from centre to the two points**
Since both points lie on the circle, their distances to the centre are equal:
$$ (2 - h)^2 + (3 - k)^2 = (-1 - h)^2 + (6 - k)^2 $$
Expanding both sides:
$$ (2 - h)^2 = (2 - h)(2 - h) = 4 - 4h + h^2 $$
$$ (3 - k)^2 = 9 - 6k + k^2 $$
$$ (-1 - h)^2 = ( -1 - h)( -1 - h) = 1 + 2h + h^2 $$
$$ (6 - k)^2 = 36 - 12k + k^2 $$
Substitute:
$$ 4 - 4h + h^2 + 9 - 6k + k^2 = 1 + 2h + h^2 + 36 - 12k + k^2 $$
Simplify by canceling $h^2$ and $k^2$ on both sides:
$$ 13 - 4h - 6k = 37 + 2h - 12k $$
Bring all terms to one side:
$$ 13 - 4h - 6k - 37 - 2h + 12k = 0 $$
Simplify:
$$ (13 - 37) + (-4h - 2h) + (-6k + 12k) = 0 $$
$$ -24 - 6h + 6k = 0 $$
Divide entire equation by 6:
$$ rac{-24}{6} + rac{-6h}{6} + rac{6k}{6} = 0 $$
$$ -4 - h + k = 0 $$
Rewrite:
$$ k = h + 4 $$
4. **Step 2: Use the line equation for centre:**
Given:
$$ 2h + 5k = -1 $$
Substitute $k = h + 4$:
$$ 2h + 5(h + 4) = -1 $$
Expand:
$$ 2h + 5h + 20 = -1 $$
Simplify:
$$ 7h + 20 = -1 $$
$$ 7h = -21 $$
$$ h = -3 $$
Then,
$$ k = h + 4 = -3 + 4 = 1 $$
So, the centre is at $(-3, 1)$.
5. **Step 3: Find the radius $r$**
Use the distance formula from centre to one of the points, say $(2, 3)$:
$$ r = \sqrt{(2 - (-3))^2 + (3 - 1)^2} = \sqrt{(5)^2 + (2)^2} = \sqrt{25 + 4} = \sqrt{29} $$
6. **Step 4: Write the equation of the circle**
Using centre $(-3, 1)$ and radius $\sqrt{29}$:
$$ (x + 3)^2 + (y - 1)^2 = 29 $$
**Final answers:**
(i) Centre: $(-3, 1)$
(ii) Radius: $\sqrt{29}$
(iii) Equation: $$(x + 3)^2 + (y - 1)^2 = 29$$
Circle Equation 97E79B
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