1. **State the problem:** Calculate how much a patient will pay out of pocket for a $170 minor procedure if the deductible of $100 has not been paid. 2. **Understand the insurance terms:** - Deductible: The patient must pay the first $100 before insurance coverage applies. - Minor Restorative coverage: Insurance pays 80% after deductible is met. 3. **Calculate the out-of-pocket cost:** - First, the patient pays the $100 deductible fully. - Remaining cost after deductible: $170 - $100 = $70. - Insurance covers 80% of $70, so patient pays 20% of $70. 4. **Calculate patient's share after deductible:** $$\text{Patient pays after deductible} = 0.20 \times 70 = 14$$ 5. **Total out-of-pocket payment:** $$\text{Total patient payment} = 100 + 14 = 114$$ 6. **Final answer:** The patient will pay $114 out of pocket for the $170 minor procedure if the deductible has not been paid.