1. **Stating the problem:**
We need to find the conditional extrema (maximum or minimum) of the function $$f(x,y) = 2x^2 - xy$$ subject to the constraint $$u(x,y) = 2x + 2y - 2 = 0$$.
2. **Method:**
We use the method of Lagrange multipliers. The condition for extrema under constraint is given by:
$$\nabla f(x,y) = \lambda \nabla u(x,y)$$
where $$\lambda$$ is the Lagrange multiplier.
3. **Calculate gradients:**
$$\nabla f = \left( \frac{\partial f}{\partial x}, \frac{\partial f}{\partial y} \right) = (4x - y, -x)$$
$$\nabla u = \left( \frac{\partial u}{\partial x}, \frac{\partial u}{\partial y} \right) = (2, 2)$$
4. **Set up the system:**
$$4x - y = 2\lambda$$
$$-x = 2\lambda$$
$$2x + 2y - 2 = 0$$
5. **From the second equation:**
$$-x = 2\lambda \implies \lambda = -\frac{x}{2}$$
6. **Substitute $$\lambda$$ into the first equation:**
$$4x - y = 2 \left(-\frac{x}{2}\right) = -x$$
7. **Simplify:**
$$4x - y = -x \implies 4x + x = y \implies y = 5x$$
8. **Use the constraint:**
$$2x + 2y - 2 = 0 \implies 2x + 2(5x) - 2 = 0$$
$$2x + 10x - 2 = 0 \implies 12x = 2 \implies x = \frac{1}{6}$$
9. **Find $$y$$:**
$$y = 5x = 5 \times \frac{1}{6} = \frac{5}{6}$$
10. **Find $$\lambda$$:**
$$\lambda = -\frac{x}{2} = -\frac{1/6}{2} = -\frac{1}{12}$$
11. **Evaluate $$f$$ at $$(x,y) = \left(\frac{1}{6}, \frac{5}{6}\right)$$:**
$$f\left(\frac{1}{6}, \frac{5}{6}\right) = 2 \left(\frac{1}{6}\right)^2 - \left(\frac{1}{6}\right) \left(\frac{5}{6}\right) = 2 \times \frac{1}{36} - \frac{5}{36} = \frac{2}{36} - \frac{5}{36} = -\frac{3}{36} = -\frac{1}{12}$$
12. **Conclusion:**
The function has a conditional extremum at $$\left(\frac{1}{6}, \frac{5}{6}\right)$$ with value $$f = -\frac{1}{12}$$ under the constraint $$2x + 2y - 2 = 0$$.
**Final answer:**
$$\boxed{\left(x,y\right) = \left(\frac{1}{6}, \frac{5}{6}\right), \quad f = -\frac{1}{12}}$$
Conditional Extrema 2153Ab
Step-by-step solutions with LaTeX - clean, fast, and student-friendly.