1. The problem is to convert a decimal number directly to hexadecimal without converting it first to binary. 2. The formula or method used is repeated division by 16, where the remainders represent the hexadecimal digits. 3. Important rules: - Divide the decimal number by 16. - Record the remainder (0 to 15). - Use digits 0-9 and letters A-F for remainders 10-15. - Repeat division with the quotient until the quotient is 0. - The hexadecimal number is the remainders read from last to first. 4. Example: Convert decimal 254 to hexadecimal. - Divide 254 by 16: quotient = 15, remainder = 14. - Divide 15 by 16: quotient = 0, remainder = 15. - Remainders are 15 (F) and 14 (E). - Reading from last to first: FE. 5. So, decimal 254 equals hexadecimal FE. This method avoids binary conversion by using division and remainder directly with base 16.