1. **State the problem:** We are given values of a function $f(x)$ at points $x = 0.12, 0.16, 0.20, 0.24, 0.28, 0.32$ and corresponding function values $f(x) = 0.6144, 0.6256, 0.6400, 0.6576, 0.6784, 0.7024$. We want to find $f(0.14)$ using Newton-Gregory finite difference interpolation.
2. **Formula and explanation:** The Newton-Gregory forward interpolation formula is:
$$
P(x) = f(x_0) + s\Delta f(x_0) + \frac{s(s-1)}{2!}\Delta^2 f(x_0) + \frac{s(s-1)(s-2)}{3!}\Delta^3 f(x_0) + \cdots
$$
where $s = \frac{x - x_0}{h}$, $h$ is the uniform spacing between $x$ values, and $\Delta$ denotes forward differences.
3. **Calculate $h$ and $s$:**
$$
h = 0.16 - 0.12 = 0.04
$$
$$
s = \frac{0.14 - 0.12}{0.04} = \frac{0.02}{0.04} = 0.5
$$
4. **Construct the forward difference table:**
\begin{align*}
\text{At } x: & 0.12 & 0.16 & 0.20 & 0.24 & 0.28 & 0.32 \\
f(x): & 0.6144 & 0.6256 & 0.6400 & 0.6576 & 0.6784 & 0.7024 \\
\Delta f: & 0.0112 & 0.0144 & 0.0176 & 0.0208 & 0.0240 \\
\Delta^2 f: & 0.0032 & 0.0032 & 0.0032 & 0.0032 \\
\Delta^3 f: & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
\Delta^4 f: & 0 & 0 \\
\Delta^5 f: & 0
\end{align*}
5. **Apply the interpolation formula:**
$$
P(0.14) = f(0.12) + s\Delta f(0.12) + \frac{s(s-1)}{2!}\Delta^2 f(0.12)
$$
Since higher differences are zero, terms beyond second difference vanish.
Substitute values:
$$
P(0.14) = 0.6144 + 0.5 \times 0.0112 + \frac{0.5(0.5-1)}{2} \times 0.0032
$$
Calculate step by step:
$$
0.5 \times 0.0112 = 0.0056
$$
$$
\frac{0.5 \times (-0.5)}{2} = \frac{-0.25}{2} = -0.125
$$
$$
-0.125 \times 0.0032 = -0.0004
$$
So,
$$
P(0.14) = 0.6144 + 0.0056 - 0.0004 = 0.6196
$$
6. **Final answer:**
$$
f(0.14) \approx 0.6196
$$
Newton Gregory Interpolation E7878B
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