1. **Problem Statement:**
Solve the unconstrained nonlinear multivariable optimization problem:
$$f(x_1,x_2) = 2x_1^2 + 4x_2^2 + 3x_1x_2 - 5x_1 - 6x_2 + 7$$
2. **Formula and Approach:**
To find the minimum or maximum of a function of two variables without constraints, we find critical points by setting the partial derivatives to zero:
$$\frac{\partial f}{\partial x_1} = 0, \quad \frac{\partial f}{\partial x_2} = 0$$
Then, use the second derivative test (Hessian matrix) to classify the critical points.
3. **Calculate partial derivatives:**
$$\frac{\partial f}{\partial x_1} = 4x_1 + 3x_2 - 5$$
$$\frac{\partial f}{\partial x_2} = 8x_2 + 3x_1 - 6$$
4. **Set derivatives to zero to find critical points:**
$$4x_1 + 3x_2 - 5 = 0$$
$$3x_1 + 8x_2 - 6 = 0$$
5. **Solve the system of linear equations:**
Multiply the first equation by 3:
$$12x_1 + 9x_2 - 15 = 0$$
Multiply the second equation by 4:
$$12x_1 + 32x_2 - 24 = 0$$
Subtract the first from the second:
$$\cancel{12x_1} + 32x_2 - 24 - (\cancel{12x_1} + 9x_2 - 15) = 0$$
$$32x_2 - 24 - 9x_2 + 15 = 0$$
$$23x_2 - 9 = 0$$
$$23x_2 = 9$$
$$x_2 = \frac{9}{23}$$
6. **Substitute $x_2$ back into first equation:**
$$4x_1 + 3\left(\frac{9}{23}\right) - 5 = 0$$
$$4x_1 + \frac{27}{23} - 5 = 0$$
$$4x_1 = 5 - \frac{27}{23}$$
$$4x_1 = \frac{115}{23} - \frac{27}{23} = \frac{88}{23}$$
$$x_1 = \frac{88}{23 \times 4} = \frac{88}{92} = \frac{22}{23}$$
7. **Second derivative test:**
Hessian matrix:
$$H = \begin{bmatrix} \frac{\partial^2 f}{\partial x_1^2} & \frac{\partial^2 f}{\partial x_1 \partial x_2} \\ \frac{\partial^2 f}{\partial x_2 \partial x_1} & \frac{\partial^2 f}{\partial x_2^2} \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} 4 & 3 \\ 3 & 8 \end{bmatrix}$$
Calculate determinant:
$$\det(H) = 4 \times 8 - 3 \times 3 = 32 - 9 = 23 > 0$$
Since $\frac{\partial^2 f}{\partial x_1^2} = 4 > 0$ and determinant $> 0$, the critical point is a local minimum.
8. **Final answer:**
The function has a local minimum at
$$\boxed{\left(x_1, x_2\right) = \left(\frac{22}{23}, \frac{9}{23}\right)}$$
Unconstrained Optimization 771Cc6
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