1. **State the problem:** We are given the radioactive decay function for Strontium-90 as $$A(t) = A_0 e^{-0.0244t}$$ where $A_0$ is the initial amount and $A(t)$ is the amount at time $t$ (in years). The initial amount is 500 grams.
2. **Decay rate:** The decay rate is the coefficient of $t$ in the exponent, which is 0.0244 per year.
3. **Calculate amount after 10 years:** Use the formula $$A(10) = 500 e^{-0.0244 \times 10}$$
Calculate the exponent:
$$-0.0244 \times 10 = -0.244$$
So,
$$A(10) = 500 e^{-0.244}$$
Using approximate value $e^{-0.244} \approx 0.7835$,
$$A(10) \approx 500 \times 0.7835 = 391.75$$ grams.
4. **Find time when 400 grams remain:** Set $$A(t) = 400$$
So,
$$400 = 500 e^{-0.0244 t}$$
Divide both sides by 500:
$$\frac{400}{500} = e^{-0.0244 t}$$
Simplify fraction:
$$\frac{\cancel{400}}{\cancel{500}} = \frac{4}{5} = 0.8 = e^{-0.0244 t}$$
Take natural logarithm on both sides:
$$\ln(0.8) = -0.0244 t$$
Solve for $t$:
$$t = \frac{\ln(0.8)}{-0.0244}$$
Calculate:
$$\ln(0.8) \approx -0.2231$$
So,
$$t = \frac{-0.2231}{-0.0244} \approx 9.14$$ years.
5. **Calculate half-life:** The half-life $t_{1/2}$ satisfies
$$\frac{1}{2} A_0 = A_0 e^{-0.0244 t_{1/2}}$$
Divide both sides by $A_0$:
$$\frac{1}{2} = e^{-0.0244 t_{1/2}}$$
Take natural logarithm:
$$\ln\left(\frac{1}{2}\right) = -0.0244 t_{1/2}$$
Solve for $t_{1/2}$:
$$t_{1/2} = \frac{\ln(\frac{1}{2})}{-0.0244}$$
Calculate:
$$\ln(\frac{1}{2}) = \ln(0.5) \approx -0.6931$$
So,
$$t_{1/2} = \frac{-0.6931}{-0.0244} \approx 28.4$$ years.
**Final answers:**
- Decay rate: 0.0244 per year
- Amount after 10 years: approximately 391.75 grams
- Time when 400 grams remain: approximately 9.14 years
- Half-life: approximately 28.4 years
Strontium Decay 8A7921
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