1. **State the problem:** We want to find the probability of exactly 3 defective bulbs in a sample of 50, where each bulb has a 7% chance of being defective.
2. **Identify the distribution:** This is a binomial probability problem because each bulb is either defective or not, independently.
3. **Formula:** The binomial probability formula is:
$$P(X = k) = \binom{n}{k} p^k (1-p)^{n-k}$$
where $n=50$, $k=3$, and $p=0.07$.
4. **Calculate the binomial coefficient:**
$$\binom{50}{3} = \frac{50!}{3! \times (50-3)!} = \frac{50 \times 49 \times 48}{3 \times 2 \times 1} = 19600$$
5. **Calculate the probability:**
$$P(X=3) = 19600 \times (0.07)^3 \times (0.93)^{47}$$
6. **Evaluate powers:**
$$0.07^3 = 0.000343$$
$$0.93^{47} \approx 0.049$$
7. **Multiply all parts:**
$$P(X=3) = 19600 \times 0.000343 \times 0.049 \approx 0.329$$
**Final answer:** The probability of finding exactly 3 defective bulbs in a sample of 50 is approximately **0.329**.
Binomial Defective Eafff8
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