1. **Problem 13:** Find the probability of drawing the letter p or the letter i from the letters of "Mississippi". 2. The word "Mississippi" has 11 letters: M(1), I(4), S(4), P(2). 3. Since the event is drawing a letter p or a letter i, these are mutually exclusive events (you cannot draw both at once), so we **add** the probabilities. 4. Probability of drawing p is $\frac{2}{11}$ and probability of drawing i is $\frac{4}{11}$. 5. So, the combined probability is: $$\frac{2}{11} + \frac{4}{11} = \frac{6}{11}$$ 6. The fraction $\frac{6}{11}$ is already in simplest form. --- 1. **Problem 17:** Find the probability of drawing the letter i, not replacing it, and then drawing another i. 2. This is a compound event with dependent probabilities because the first letter is not replaced. 3. Probability of first drawing an i is $\frac{4}{11}$. 4. After drawing one i, there are now 3 i's left and total letters left are 10. 5. Probability of drawing another i is $\frac{3}{10}$. 6. Multiply the probabilities because both events must happen: $$\frac{4}{11} \times \frac{3}{10} = \frac{12}{110}$$ 7. Simplify the fraction by dividing numerator and denominator by 2: $$\frac{\cancel{12}^{6}}{\cancel{110}^{55}} = \frac{6}{55}$$ **Final answers:** - Problem 13: $\frac{6}{11}$ (add probabilities) - Problem 17: $\frac{6}{55}$ (multiply dependent probabilities)