1. **Problem statement:** We want to estimate the probability that a lion lives less than 7.2 years given that lion lifespans are normally distributed with mean $\mu = 10$ years and standard deviation $\sigma = 1.4$ years. 2. **Empirical rule:** This rule states that for a normal distribution: - About 68% of data falls within $\mu \pm 1\sigma$ - About 95% falls within $\mu \pm 2\sigma$ - About 99.7% falls within $\mu \pm 3\sigma$ 3. **Calculate how many standard deviations 7.2 is from the mean:** $$ z = \frac{7.2 - 10}{1.4} = \frac{-2.8}{1.4} = -2 $$ 4. **Interpretation:** A value 2 standard deviations below the mean corresponds to the lower tail beyond $\mu - 2\sigma$. 5. **Using the empirical rule:** - 95% of data lies between $\mu - 2\sigma$ and $\mu + 2\sigma$. - Therefore, the probability of being less than $\mu - 2\sigma$ is about $\frac{100\% - 95\%}{2} = 2.5\%$. 6. **Final answer:** The estimated probability that a lion lives less than 7.2 years is approximately **2.5%**.