Subjects statistics

Normal Proportion 36Ff7D

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1. **Problem statement:** Find the proportion of scores below $x=25$ in a normal distribution with mean $\mu=65$ and standard deviation $\sigma=12$. 2. **Formula used:** To find the proportion below a value $x$ in a normal distribution, we use the standard normal variable $z$: $$z = \frac{x - \mu}{\sigma}$$ This converts $x$ to a $z$-score, which tells us how many standard deviations $x$ is from the mean. 3. **Calculate the $z$-score:** $$z = \frac{25 - 65}{12} = \frac{-40}{12} = -\frac{40}{12}$$ 4. **Simplify the fraction:** $$z = -\frac{\cancel{40}}{\cancel{12}} \to -\frac{10}{3} \approx -3.33$$ 5. **Interpretation:** A $z$-score of approximately $-3.33$ means $x=25$ is 3.33 standard deviations below the mean. 6. **Find the proportion:** Using standard normal distribution tables or a calculator, the proportion of scores below $z=-3.33$ is about 0.00043 (very close to zero). 7. **Conclusion:** The proportion of scores below $x=25$ is approximately 0.00043, which is much less than 0.13. **Note:** The value 0.13 given in the prompt does not correspond to $x=25$ for the given distribution parameters. Final answer: $$\boxed{\text{Proportion below } 25 \approx 0.00043}$$