1. The problem asks: Based on the histogram, how many countries have a population size less than 100000 people? 2. The population size is plotted on a $\log_{10}$ scale. To find the population size less than 100000, we convert 100000 to the log scale: $$\log_{10}(100000) = \log_{10}(10^5) = 5$$ 3. We need to count the number of countries with $\log_{10}(population) < 5$. 4. From the histogram description, the bars between 2 and 3 have a height of about 1, between 4 and 5 about 7, and between 5 and 6 about 5. 5. Only bars with $x$ values less than 5 count, so bars at 2-3 and 4-5 are included. 6. Adding these frequencies: $1 + 7 = 8$ countries. 7. Therefore, the number of countries with population less than 100000 is 8. **Final answer: 8** (Option D)