1. **State the problem:** We want to test the claim about the average service time at a fast-food chain. 2. **Step 1: State the hypotheses** - Null hypothesis ($H_0$): The average service time is 3 minutes, i.e., $\mu = 3$. - Alternative hypothesis ($H_a$): The average service time is not 3 minutes, i.e., $\mu \neq 3$. 3. **Step 3: Draw a conclusion based on the claim and decision** - If the test statistic leads us to reject $H_0$, we conclude that the average service time is different from 3 minutes. - If we fail to reject $H_0$, we conclude there is not enough evidence to say the average service time differs from 3 minutes. Since the problem does not provide sample data or test results, the conclusion depends on the test outcome. **Summary:** - $H_0: \mu = 3$ - $H_a: \mu \neq 3$ - Conclusion depends on test results: reject or fail to reject $H_0$. This completes steps 1 and 3 for the first problem.