1. **State the problem:** We want to determine if the weight loss program results are statistically significant based on the probability of obtaining the results by random chance. 2. **Given information:** - Number of subjects: 7 - Average weight loss: 45 lbs - Probability of results by random chance if diet has no effect: 38% (or 0.38) 3. **Statistical significance rule:** Typically, results are considered statistically significant if the probability of obtaining them by random chance (p-value) is less than 5% (0.05). 4. **Evaluate the p-value:** Here, the p-value is 0.38, which is much greater than 0.05. 5. **Interpretation:** Since $0.38 > 0.05$, the results are likely to occur by chance, so the weight loss program does not have statistical significance. 6. **Answer:** The correct choice is D: No, the program is not statistically significant because the results are likely to occur by chance. 7. **Practical significance:** Even if not statistically significant, losing 45 lbs on average may have practical significance for individuals, but this is separate from statistical significance. **Final conclusion:** The program is not statistically significant based on the given data.