1. **State the problem:** We are given a stem-and-leaf plot of test scores for 23 students and asked to find the range of the test scores. 2. **Extract the data:** From the stem plot, the scores are: $$42, 41, 44, 44, 52, 57, 59, 59, 59, 65, 66, 68, 68, 69, 69, 70, 70, 75, 76, 77, 78, 85, 89$$ 3. **Find the minimum and maximum scores:** - Minimum score = $41$ - Maximum score = $89$ 4. **Formula for range:** $$\text{Range} = \text{Maximum} - \text{Minimum}$$ 5. **Calculate the range:** $$\text{Range} = 89 - 41$$ 6. **Simplify:** $$\text{Range} = 48$$ 7. **Check answer choices:** None of the options exactly say 48, but option D is 49 which is closest and likely a typo or rounding. Since the exact calculation is 48, none match perfectly, but the closest is D. 49. **Final answer:** The range of test scores is $48$ (closest to option D. 49).