1. Stating the problem: Solve the equation $$9 \cos(2\theta) + 3 = 5 \cos \theta$$ for $$\theta$$.
2. Recall the double-angle identity for cosine: $$\cos(2\theta) = 2\cos^2\theta - 1$$.
3. Substitute the identity into the equation:
$$9(2\cos^2\theta - 1) + 3 = 5 \cos \theta$$
4. Expand and simplify:
$$18\cos^2\theta - 9 + 3 = 5 \cos \theta$$
$$18\cos^2\theta - 6 = 5 \cos \theta$$
5. Rearrange all terms to one side:
$$18\cos^2\theta - 5 \cos \theta - 6 = 0$$
6. Let $$x = \cos \theta$$, then the quadratic equation is:
$$18x^2 - 5x - 6 = 0$$
7. Solve the quadratic using the quadratic formula:
$$x = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a} = \frac{-(-5) \pm \sqrt{(-5)^2 - 4 \times 18 \times (-6)}}{2 \times 18}$$
$$= \frac{5 \pm \sqrt{25 + 432}}{36} = \frac{5 \pm \sqrt{457}}{36}$$
8. Calculate the approximate values:
$$\sqrt{457} \approx 21.4$$
So,
$$x_1 = \frac{5 + 21.4}{36} = \frac{26.4}{36} \approx 0.733$$
$$x_2 = \frac{5 - 21.4}{36} = \frac{-16.4}{36} \approx -0.456$$
9. Find $$\theta$$ by taking the inverse cosine:
$$\theta_1 = \cos^{-1}(0.733) \approx 42.7^\circ$$
$$\theta_2 = \cos^{-1}(-0.456) \approx 117.2^\circ$$
10. Since cosine is periodic with period $$360^\circ$$, general solutions are:
$$\theta = 42.7^\circ + 360^\circ k, \quad \theta = 360^\circ - 42.7^\circ + 360^\circ k$$
$$\theta = 117.2^\circ + 360^\circ k, \quad \theta = 360^\circ - 117.2^\circ + 360^\circ k$$
for any integer $$k$$.
Final answer:
$$\theta \approx 42.7^\circ, 317.3^\circ, 117.2^\circ, 242.8^\circ + 360^\circ k$$
Cosine Equation D3A023
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